| CODE | ADDITIVE | DESCRIPTION | 额外的 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E120 | Cochineal or Carmine | Used as a red food colouring in products, such as drinks, biscuits, sweets, desserts and sauces. It is made by crushing the cochineal insect | 胭脂红 | 用于饮料、饼干、糖果、甜点和酱料等产品的红色食用色素。它是由胭脂虫粉碎后制成的。 |
| E542 | Edible bone phosphate | Comes from animal bones of cattle or pigs. Sometimes used in cosmetics, toothpaste, nutritional supplements and in dry foods as an anti-caking agent, to prevent the particles sticking together. | 食用骨磷酸盐 | 来自牛或猪的动物骨骼。有时用于化妆品、牙膏、营养补充剂和干粮中，作为防结块剂，防止颗粒粘在一起。 |
| E160a (i) and E160 (ii) | Carotenes and Beta-carotenes | Natural colours isolated from plants. Some manufacturers use gelatine – which is not vegetarian – as a stabiliser. Used in butter and soft margarine, cakes, milk products and soft drinks. | 胡萝卜素和 βeta-胡萝卜素 | 从植物中分离出的天然色素。一些制造商使用明胶--它不是素食主义者--作为稳定剂。用于黄油和软人造黄油、蛋糕、奶制品和软饮料。 |
| E901 | Beeswax | Purified from naturally produced honeycomb. Found in glazing agents, candles, jellies, chewing gum and cosmetics, such as lip products and hand creams. | 蜂蜡 | 从天然生产的蜂窝中提纯。用于釉剂、蜡烛、果冻、口香糖和化妆品，如唇产品和护手霜。 |
| E904 | Shellac | A natural polymer derived from the lac beetle. It has a number of uses, including being used to coat small chocolates and sweets as a glazing agent and to reduce moisture loss in fruit. | 虫胶 | 从漆甲虫中提取的一种天然聚合物。它有多种用途，包括作为上光剂涂抹在小巧克力和糖果上，以及减少水果的水分流失。 |
| E913 | Lanolin | A naturally-occurring wax extracted from sheep’s wool. Mainly used in cosmetics and some chewing gum. Lanolin is not always clearly listed as an ingredient in chewing gum, as it is only one component of the gum base. Gum base itself is listed as an ingredient. | 羊毛脂 | 蜡：一种从羊毛中提取的天然蜡，主要用于化妆品和一些奶酪中。主要用于化妆品和一些口香糖。羊毛脂并不总是被明确列为口香糖中的一种成分，因为它只是口香糖基料的一种成分。口香糖基质本身被列为一种成分。 |
| E966 | Lactitol | A sugar alcohol produced from lactose, which is the sugar in milk and is obtained from whey in cow’s milk. Used as a low-calorie sweetener. Found in calorie-reduced confectionery and chewing gum. | 乳糖醇 | 一种由乳糖生产的糖醇，乳糖是牛奶中的糖，由牛奶中的乳清获得。作为一种低热量的甜味剂使用。存在于降低热量的糖果和口香糖中。 |
| E1105 | Lysozyme | Enzyme found in egg white. | 溶菌酶 | 在蛋白中发现的酶。 |
| E101 | Riboflavin | A bright yellow food colouring found in salad dressings, confectionery, tablet coatings and powdered drinks. Riboflavin is also known as vitamin B2. It occurs naturally in foods such as milk and eggs as well as in green vegetables. When riboflavin is produced industrially for use as a food colouring, or for use in vitamin supplements, it is synthesised from glucose using micro-organisms, such as yeast without the use of milk or eggs. Industrially produced riboflavin (E101 and vitamin B2) is therefore typically vegan. However take care when selecting vitamin supplements to select those that are explicitly labelled either vegetarian or vegan as required, as capsules, coatings or other components of a supplement may be unsuitable. | 核黄素 | 在沙拉酱、糖果、片剂涂层和粉状饮料中发现的一种亮黄色食用色素。核黄素又称维生素B2。核黄素自然存在于牛奶、鸡蛋等食物中，也存在于绿色蔬菜中。当工业化生产核黄素作为食品色素或用于维生素补充剂时，它是利用微生物（如酵母）从葡萄糖合成的，而不使用牛奶或鸡蛋。因此，工业生产的核黄素（E101和维生素B2）是典型的素食主义者。但在选择维生素补充剂时要注意选择那些明确标明素食或素食的补充剂，因为胶囊、涂层或补充剂的其他成分可能不适合。 |
| E270 | Lactic acid | Obtained commercially by heating and fermenting carbohydrates such as sucrose, molasses, starch, or whey. Occurs naturally in blood, so could conceivably be of animal origin. Often used as a pH regulator in dairy products and drinks. Found in soft sweets, pickled vegetables, low-fat mayonnaise and sour dough bread. | 乳酸 | 通过加热和发酵碳水化合物（如蔗糖、糖蜜、淀粉或乳清）获得。天然存在于血液中，因此可以想象是动物来源。通常在乳制品和饮料中用作pH值调节剂。存在于软糖、腌制蔬菜、低脂蛋黄酱和酸面团面包中。 |
| E304 | Ascorbyl palmitate | A combination of the fatty acid palmitate with ascorbic acid, occurs naturally in most fruits and vegetables. Palmitic acid is produced from fat, the main source is vegetable fat but it can be obtained from animal fat. Found in margarines, oils and fats. | 抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯 | 棕榈酸的脂肪酸与抗坏血酸的结合，在大多数水果和蔬菜中自然存在。棕榈酸由脂肪产生，主要来源是植物脂肪，但也可以从动物脂肪中获得。存在于人造黄油、油脂中。 |
| E322 | Lecithin | Most commonly derived from soya and sunflower. Also present in eggs, milk and marine sources. Found in low-fat spreads, chocolate, dressings and bakery goods. | 卵磷脂 | 最常见的是从大豆和葵花中提取的。也存在于鸡蛋、牛奶和海洋资源中。存在于低脂涂抹物、巧克力、调味品和烘焙食品中。 |
| E325 | Sodium lactate, sodium salt of lactic acid (also known as E270) | A natural acid produced by bacteria in fermented foods. Commercially produced by bacterial fermentation of starch, molasses or whey. Mainly used as a preservative. Found in some cheeses, sponge cakes, ice creams, margarine and sweets. | 乳酸钠 | 细菌在发酵食品中产生的一种天然酸。由淀粉、糖蜜或乳清经细菌发酵后商业化生产。主要用作防腐剂。在一些奶酪、海绵蛋糕、冰淇淋、人造黄油和糖果中发现。 |
| E326 | Potassium lactate | The potassium salt of lactic acid. See E325 for more details. | 乳酸钾 | 乳酸的钾盐。详见E325。 |
| E327 | Calcium lactate | Calcium salt of lactic acid (E270). See E325 for more details. Used in tinned fruits and veg, in jams, jellies and marmalades. | 乳酸钙 | 乳酸的钙盐（E270）。详见E325。用于水果和蔬菜罐头、果酱、果冻和果酱。 |
| E422 | Glycerol/Glycerine | A natural carbohydrate alcohol, derived from animal or vegetable fats. Commercially produced in two main ways; synthetically from propene, or, by bacterial fermentation of sugars. Present in some chewy sweets, cakes and confectionery products. | 甘油/甘油 | 一种天然的碳水化合物酒精，来自动物或植物脂肪。商业化生产主要有两种方式：从丙烯中合成，或通过细菌发酵糖类。存在于一些有嚼劲的糖果、蛋糕和糖果制品中。 |
| E430 to E436 | These compounds contain fatty acids which are mostly obtained from vegetable oils, however, there is a possibility that animal fats may be used. Typical products include cakes and cake mixes, dairy-based whipped cream, coffee whiteners, ice cream and frozen desserts. | 这些化合物所含的脂肪酸主要来自植物油，但也有可能使用动物脂肪。典型的产品包括蛋糕和蛋糕粉、以乳制品为基础的鲜奶油、咖啡增白剂、冰淇淋和冷冻甜点。 | ||
| E442 | Ammonium phosphatide | Usually obtained from ammonia and phosphorylated fatty acids. Rapeseed oil is the traditional fatty source although vegetarians and vegans should take note as it can sometimes be made using glycerol (see E422). Found in cocoa and chocolate products. | 磷化铵 | 通常由氨和磷酸化脂肪酸获得。油菜籽油是传统的脂肪来源，但素食者和素食者应注意，因为有时可使用甘油制造（见E422）。存在于可可和巧克力产品中。 |
| E470 | Fatty acid salts | Derived mainly from plant origin but animal fats may be used. Typically found in chewing gum, cake mixes and oven chips. | 脂肪酸盐 | 主要来源于植物，但也可使用动物脂肪。通常存在于口香糖、混合蛋糕和烤箱碎片中。 |
| E471 | Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids, produced from glycerol (see E422) and natural fatty acids | Mainly from plant origin but animal fats may be used. Found in margarines, crisps, bread, dairy-free spread. | 由甘油(见E422)和天然脂肪酸生产的脂肪酸单甘酯和双甘酯。 | 主要来源于植物，但也可能使用动物脂肪。存在于人造黄油、脆片、面包、不含乳制品的涂抹物中。 |
| E472 | Esters of mono- and diglycerides, esters of synthetic fats, produced from glycerol (see E422), natural fatty acids and other organic acid (acetic, lactic, tartaric, citric) | The fats are usually sourced from plants but animal fats may be used. Used as emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents in products such as sausages, cakes and mousse mixes. | 单甘油酯和双甘油酯的酯类，合成脂肪的酯类，由甘油（见E422）、天然脂肪酸和其他有机酸（醋酸、乳酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸）生产。 | 脂肪通常来自植物，但也可能使用动物脂肪。在香肠、蛋糕和慕斯混合物等产品中用作乳化剂、稳定剂、增稠剂和胶凝剂。 |
| E473 | Sugar esters of fatty acid, produced from glycerol (see E422) and natural fatty acid | The fats are obtained mainly from plant origin but animal fats may be used. Found in some ice cream, tea and coffee powder drinks with added dairy powder and baking mixes. | 脂肪酸糖酯，由甘油（见E422）和天然脂肪酸生产。 | 脂肪主要来自植物，但也可使用动物脂肪。在一些添加了乳粉的冰淇淋、茶和咖啡粉饮料和烘焙混合料中发现。 |
| E474 | Sugarglycerides, esters of sugar and fats, produced from sugar and natural fats | The fats are mainly sourced from plant origin but animal fats may be used. Typical products include non-alcoholic drinks, bakery products and ice cream. | 糖甘油酯，糖和脂肪的酯类，由糖和天然脂肪生产的。 | 脂肪主要来源于植物，但也可能使用动物脂肪。典型产品包括无酒精饮料、烘焙产品和冰淇淋。 |
| E475 | Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | A combination of polyglycerol and natural fats. The fats are usually obtained from plant origin but sometimes animal fats may be used. Found in icing, cake mixes, ice cream, coffee whiteners. | 脂肪酸的聚甘油酯 | 聚甘油和天然脂肪的组合。脂肪通常来自植物，但有时也会使用动物脂肪。存在于糖霜、蛋糕粉、冰淇淋、咖啡增白剂中。 |
| E477 | Propane 1, 2 diol esters of fatty acids | A combination of propanediol and natural fats. The fats are mainly from plant origin but fats of animal origin may be used. Found in cakes and whipped toppings, soft drinks and powdered desserts. | 丙烷 1, 2 脂肪酸二醇酯 | 丙二醇和天然脂肪的组合。脂肪主要来自植物，但也可使用动物来源的脂肪。存在于蛋糕和发泡浇头、软饮料和粉状甜点中。 |
| E479 | Thermally oxidised soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | Made by heating soy oil in the presence of free fatty acids. The fatty acids are usually from plant origin but fats from animals may be used. Provides excellent frying and anti-spattering properties and used for frying purposes. | 热氧化大豆油与脂肪酸的单甘酯和双甘酯相互作用。 | 在游离脂肪酸存在的情况下，通过加热大豆油而制成。脂肪酸通常来自植物，但也可使用动物来源的脂肪。提供优良的油炸和防溅性能，用于油炸目的。 |
| E482 | Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate | A combination of calcium, stearic acid and lactic acid, resulting in a mixture of several components. The original source of stearic acid can be plant or animal. Found in breads, hot drink whiteners and low-fat spreads. | 硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙 | 由钙、硬脂酸和乳酸组合而成，形成几种成分的混合物。硬脂酸的原始来源可以是植物或动物。存在于面包、热饮增白剂和低脂涂抹中。 |
| E483 | Stearyl tartrate | A combination of stearyl acid and tartaric acid. The origin of stearic acid can be plant or animal fats. Often used as a dough strengthener in breads. | 酒石酸硬脂醇酯 | 硬脂酸和酒石酸的组合。硬脂酸的来源可以是植物性或动物性脂肪。常在面包中用作面团强化剂。 |
| E491 to E495 | Sorbitans | Produced from sorbitol and varying acids. These are fatty acids derived from vegetable or animal origin. Used in cakes and fat spreads. | 山梨醇类 | 由山梨醇和不同的酸产生。这些都是来源于植物或动物的脂肪酸。用于蛋糕和脂肪涂抹。 |
| E570 | Fatty acids | Which include stearic, palmitic and oleic acid. A normal part of any natural fat. Although commercially prepared using plant sources, the use of animal fat is possible. Typically found in chewing gum, butter, cosmetics and medicines. | 脂肪酸 | 其中包括硬脂酸、棕榈酸和油酸。任何天然脂肪的正常部分。虽然使用植物来源的商业制备，但使用动物脂肪是可能的。通常存在于口香糖、黄油、化妆品和药品中。 |
| E631 | Disodium inositate | The sodium salt of inosinate, a naturally occurring acid mainly present in animals. Commercially prepared using meat or fish. May also be produced by bacterial fermentation of sugars. Used in soups, sauces and snack foods. | 肌苷酸二钠 | 肌苷酸 肌苷酸的钠盐，一种主要存在于动物体内的天然酸。商业上用肉或鱼来制备。也可由糖类的细菌发酵产生。用于汤料、酱料和小吃。 |
| E635 | Disodium 5’ribonucleotides | A mixture of sodium salts of guanylic and inosinic acid. Guanylic and inosinates are generally produced from meat or fish. Can be produced using vegetable and yeast sources. Used as a flavour enhancer, including snack foods, tomato-based products and other common processed foods. | 5'核糖核苷酸二钠 | 胍基酸和肌苷酸的钠盐混合物。胍基酸和肌苷酸一般由肉类或鱼类生产。可利用蔬菜和酵母来源生产。用作增味剂，包括零食、番茄制品及其他常见的加工食品。 |
| E920 | L-cysteine | Essential amino acid derived from proteins, synthetically produced, through natural fermentation, or enzymic processes, using raw materials of vegetable origin or pure organic, non-animal, compounds. May also be derived from animal hair and feathers. Used in baking to create stretchier doughs, especially for burger buns and pizza bases. | L-半胱氨酸 | 必需氨基酸 从蛋白质中提取的必需氨基酸，通过自然发酵或酶解过程，利用植物来源的原料或纯有机、非动物的化合物合成生产。也可从动物毛发和羽毛中提取。在烘焙中用于制造更有弹性的面团，特别是用于汉堡包和比萨饼底料。 |
Source from https://vegsoc.org/info-hub/veggie-need-to-know/e-numbers/